Rozumienie pojęć moralnych w wychowaniu moralnym dzieci młodszych. Empatia i motywacja do zachowań moralnych

Abstract

The problem of understanding terms has been the subject of numerous analyses and investigations, whereas understanding moral terms by children of younger school age has not been the subject of analyses or research studies. This made me undertake research on morality, understanding it and creating terms. Bearing in mind Albert Schweitzer’s formulation that all good actions are born of hope, I based the concept of experimental stage adaptations of literary texts on the comparison of intelligence and child’s personality. Studying mutual relations between intelligence and personality is still a topical issue. In my view, creating and understanding moral terms in the process of teaching, thinking and discussing them takes place mainly in Polish studies. I did not separate moral terms from thinking, the sphere of feelings and free will in this education process. Mother tongue classes, literary texts should open man to the world, pointing out unquestionable moral values, which are the basis of our existence, our human existence. The truth, good, beauty are ageless values in every sphere of humanity. Hope is hidden in cognition and understanding their contents. The truth exists for every man, only when man himself as a complex person creates the truth in acting.