Ustawa o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym jako instrument kształtowania wartości rynkowej nieruchomości

Abstract

The paper considers three basic notions, namely: immovables and their legal economic features, the real estate market and its characteristics, and finally spatial planning as a means of influencing the market value of immovables. Its aim is to consider how spatial planning instruments influence the market value of immovables and how economic features of immovables and of the real estate market are to be considered when dealing with spatial planning issues. It is shown, that proper spatial management brings about many benefits, including the increase in market or rental value of real estate, the improvement of citizens’ quality of life, the decrease in costs of maintaining real estate by motivating their users to keep them in good condition. It is emphasized, that spatial planning and management must be viewed not only from a legal perspective but also in the context of economic factors which are relevant to the real estate market. The market value of an immovable to a large extent depends on the possibility of developing it and this in turn is regulated by local development plans. Simultaneously, well developed spaces cause increases in market values and positively influence the neighboring areas, stimulating growth and highest and best use of available space. Spatial planning is not, however, a short term activity, as its effects must be planned and assessed also, or perhaps predominantly, in long term analyses. It is also important to note, that management of spaces may be carried out not only with the use of administrative instruments, but also through the active application of possibilities which arise from private law.