Культурное пространство литературного произведения в исследованиях Дмитрия Чижевского

Abstract

The article focuses on the issue of cultural space of a literary work in academic research of Dmytro Chyzhevsky (1894–1977), an outstanding Slavist and philosopher. Scientific heritage of Dmytro Chyzhevsky permits to consider him as a philosopher of culture. He interpreted and studied different aspects of culture along the other Russian and European scholars of the first half of the 20th century (E. Cassirer, N. Berdyaev, F.Stepun, M.Bakhtin). In their address to philosophy of culture, European intellectuals manifested a reaction to the cultural crisis in the first half of the twentieth century. In the article, the author analyses Chyzhevsky’s transition from problems of literary criticism and formalistic analysis of a literary work to the philosophy of culture on the basis of his two works devoted to Fedor Dostoevsky. For Russian religious philosophers of that period, Dostoevsky became the subject of religious discussion related to Christian ideology, while for Chyzhevsky the literary works of Dostoevsky confirmed ideas of prominent German philosophers, such as Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, and Karl Jaspers.