Безбытность в русской литературе 1920-1930-х годов. Постановка проблемы

Abstract

The present article investigates the problem of bezbytnost in Russian literature of 1920-1930. Bezbytnost is presented as an ethical, political and aesthetic phenomenon. The connection of bezbytnost with the Christian (Orthodox) principles of non-acquisitiveness takes its origin in the parable of the rich young man in the Gospel of Matthew. The article discusses the ways in which different aspects of bezbytnost have been studied on the basis of their use in poetry and prose. The Civilizational aspect has been common for generations in the revolution and civil war. Ethical and political aspects are presented in the traditional Russian intelligentsia struggle against philistinism, converted during the NEP in the fight with lampshades and canaries as a symbol of Philistinism and the bourgeois way of life in general (V. Mayakovsky’s, M. Svetlov’s and the M. Golodny’s poetry). Comfort contrasted nomadic life of battles and campaigns of the Civil War. This passeism was intended to protect the betrayed revolution’s ideals (M. Svetlov E. Bagritsky, M. Golodny). Continued on the new stage of revolutionary asceticism during the thaw and restructuring aestheticized in V. Rozov’s plays, B. Okudzhava’s poetry, in the romance of bard’s song (Y. Vizbor). The revival of the left idea at the beginning of the 21st century in the A. Prokhanov’s E. Limonov’s, M. Elizarov’s, Z. Prilepin’s and S Shargunov’s works. The struggle against consumer society is the regular proclamation of the special way of Russia.