Pozycja ustrojowa władzy wykonawczej w świetle poglądów ideologów Stronnictwa Narodowego do 1939 roku

Abstract

During the interwar period, most European countries had a tendency to modify Montesquieu’s assumptions on the tripartite separation of power into the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. The adaptation of the existing political solutions led to the strengthening of the executive bodies. The political opinions of the National Party may be considered as a reflection of these processes. Underlying the National Party’s attitude towards executive bodies was the idea of the need to create a national political system. Having reflected on the nature of the executive bodies, they came to the conclusion that these bodies should guarantee the strength of government and its rightful authority. The National Party advocated the introduction of constitutional solutions which would 1) secure the continuity and stability of the government; 2) prevent too-frequent changes of the government. The National Party’s project supported the principle of the political responsibility of government. The National Party advocated the idea of extending the powers of the president. Giving the president the power of legislative veto was considered a necessity. It was also believed that the president should strengthen his position through active participation in the works of the government.