Uncovering of FinTech Cooperation in Polish Banks

Abstract

Goal – The aim of this article is to examine how banks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange disclose cooperation with FinTech firms and technological innovations in their financial and non-financial reports between 2022 and 2024. The purpose is to assess the frequency, scope, and form of such disclosures and to verify whether technological narratives are explicitly linked to FinTech partnerships. Research methodology – A mixed-method design was employed: quantitative content analysis based on keyword frequency and a technological diversity index (DIM_FT), combined with qualitative assessment of narrative elements in reports. Score/results – Two distinct disclosure strategies were identified. In the tech-first model, banks emphasised digital transformation and internal technological solutions, while in the ally-first model they highlighted partnerships with FinTechs, accelerators, and ecosystem initiatives. The most frequently reported areas were digital payments, open banking, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and big data, with blockchain and robo-advisory remaining marginal. No direct correlation was observed between the intensity of technological reporting and FinTech mentions, indicating that disclosures primarily reflect communication strategies rather than the actual scale of innovation. Originality/value – The study provides novel insights into how Polish banks construct technological narratives in their disclosures. It highlights the divergence between communication and practice, offering a framework for evaluating the role of FinTech partnerships in shaping banks’ innovation strategies.