Liberation or Assimilation: The Paradox of Female Agency in Ahdaf Soueif’s In the Eye of the Sun

Abstract

This article examines Ahdaf Soueif’s novel, In the Eye of the Sun, to explore the complex dynamics of female agency and sexuality within the context of Arab-Islamic societal norms. Through the lens of anti-sex feminism, particularly the theories of Andrea Dworkin and Catherine Mackinnon, the study scrutinizes the protagonist Asya’s seemingly rebellious actions, such as her premarital sexual relationship with Saif and extramarital affair with Gerald. Contrary to surface interpretations of these acts as defiance, the analysis reveals that Asya’s choices often reinforce rather than subvert patriarchal structures. The article situates Asya’s personal journey within the socio-political and cultural milieu of late-twentieth-century Egypt, highlighting how colonial legacies and societal expectations shape her experiences. By integrating critical perspectives on gender and sexuality, this study underscores the paradox of Asya’s quest for liberation, which ultimately entangles her further within the confines of traditional gender roles. The article concludes by examining Asya’s eventual turn to societal work, suggesting that her actions reflect strategic adaptations rather than genuine autonomy. This nuanced reading challenges simplistic narratives of female emancipation and emphasizes the enduring influence of cultural and religious roots in shaping individual agency.