University–Business Cooperation (UBC) – Forms of Cooperation and Barriers. A Comparative Analysis of Poland and Selected European Countries

Abstract

Goal – the purpose of this article is to show the specifics of the cooperation between science and business in Poland and the selected European countries. The literature review conducted for this purpose will allow to answer questions about, among other things, the nature of links between universities and businesses, the motives for joint action and the most important barriers to cooperation in the analyzed cases of countries. Research methodology – the article includes an analysis of the available literature and reports in the area under study. Score/results – the analysis showed that cooperation between universities and business in Poland is still at a lower level compared to the selected European countries, and enumerated other factors which affect the level of this cooperation. Originality/value – comparison of Poland against selected European countries (UK, Germany, Austria) and identification of differences in the factors determining the cooperation of universities and business and barriers that hinder it.