Tendencje lokalistyczne i globalistyczne w języku

Abstract

The paper discusses the local and global tendencies in the language. The focal point is the complementary existence of the two tendencies in natural languages. On the one hand, the phenomena particular to a given culture are reflected in the language, thus creating linguistic units, which do not appear in other languages, on the other hand certain universal phenomena possess linguistic reflections, common in a variety of different languages. The unique phenomena are connected with such factors as ecosystem of a given ethnic territory, cultural artifacts, folk traditions, etc, while the global ones come from popular culture, e.g. comics, films, commercials, polities, sport and computing. It is emphasized that even in the case of common linguistic elements the method of adaptation and the selection of global items vary in particular cultures. Moreover, local color influences the universal form, which results in the global element being unique to a particular language and culture. Therefore, it can be concluded that the process of globalization divides in the same degree as it unifies the communities speaking numerous natural languages.