O porównaniach z komponentem odsyłającym do antyku grecko-rzymskiego w Beniowskim Juliusza Słowackiego

Abstract

A comparison is a very important element of the style of Beniowski. The aim of the article is to characterize 32 comparisons containing a lexical component in their construction which refers to the realities of ancient Greek-Roman culture. The component is present in an attributive clause or is identical with it. Both the comparisons having formal connectives and those which are devoid of them (the so called semantic comparisons) were analysed. In the first part of the article linguistic exponents of classical reminiscences with the reference to their provenience were reviewed. It was stated that in Słowacki’s “ancient” comparison structures it is lexis originating in the mythology and ancient Greek literature that is a fundamental element. Besides, the grammatical structure of the selected comparisons was discussed and their affinity to the appropriate text types was indicated. In the second part the functions fulfilled in a poem by the comparisons with the comparate belonging to three main thematic areas (nature, human, poetry), with special consideration of the said classical threads, were described both in a single comparative construction and in the whole discursive poem. It was determined that the comparisons being analysed are characterized by extensive functionality on several surfaces of the literary piece: stylistic, idelogical, autothematic and the world depicted.