Koncepcja samorządu narodowościowego w węgierskiej ustawie z dnia 7 lipca 1993 roku o prawach mniejszości narodowych i etnicznych

Abstract

The study presents the concept of national self-government in the Hungarian Law of 7 July 1993 on the Rights of National and Ethnic Minorities. Hungary is one of the few countries with a model of so-called personal autonomy so that national minority associations have a public law character. This is only one variant of the juridical position of national minorities in the state, but the Hungarian solutions guarantee national and ethnic minorities (nationalities) not only a high degree of participation in the processes of administration but a real right and opportunity to deal with a significant part of public affairs on their account and their responsibility. A special feature of this model is the affiliation of nationality self-government at the territorial level with local authorities and the public financing of its operations, with the possibility of financial support for their operations by the home states. The normative regulation of national and ethnic minority affairs adopted at the end of the twentieth century can serve as a model for the legal solution of this issue for other countries. Despite many legal changes, it has proved to be very durable. Hungary is the only country with multi-level national self-government.