Sterowanie wielokulturowością. Dotychczasowe doświadczenia i kierunki przemian (na przykładzie województwa białostockiego)

Abstract

The 90's society use to be re-discovered as culturally differentiated. Multiculturalism is a complex concept, and usually is understood as a democratic co-existence of ones, communities or groups with defined cultural identity. Accoding to Author, an existence of two or more culturally differentiated groups doesn't have to mean multiculturalism, it should be rather understood as cultural differentiation. Multiculturalism means situation of permanent multicultural contacts in order to form culturally differentiated composition, integrated enough to gain common tasks. Multiculturalism needs presence of specific state policy in order to set interpersonal relations, and the regulations have to be done on the democratic way. There is not only one kind of multiculturalism, it has its macro, mezzo and micro-social forms. The processes of guiding the cultural differentiates in area of Bialystok from 1989 have been reflecting a state policy of Polish government. Mostly it was a policy of assimilation, assuming that sooner or later Polish society will be ethnically and culturally homogeneous. In the area of Bialystok, the past guiding the cultural differentiation led to establish the two forms of intercultural co-existence: assimilation and accommodation. The other forms of inter-ethnic co-existence, as cultural plurality, separatism or conflict are rather rare in the area. The main sense in guiding the multiculturality is to create and accustom the new models of pluralistic education with multicultural education in all level schools in the region.