Polityczna „święta wojna” i jej odzwierciedlenie w czasopismach satyrycznych

Abstract

At the beginning of the 20th century and in the interwar period, the political differences between the various parties that divided the Jews were so strong that they led to antagonism in sports. This was particularly evident at football matches and among the supporters of individual clubs. Fights between Zionists and Bundists spilled over into sports stadiums, leading to so-called “holy wars”, fierce skirmishes that went beyond the accepted principle of “fair play” in sport. We can discover the nature of these political disputes and conflicts from press reports of the time, reflected in particular in Gustaw Rogalski’s caricatures of athletes from the conflicting teams. It is a peculiar phenomenon that this rivalry, understood as a concept of “holy war” between the feuding sports clubs, continues to this day. It is based on the so-called “long memory” of one of the clubs before World War II (Cracovia) being open to the participation and affiliation of athletes of Jewish origin, while the other club (Wisła) applied the numerus nullus rule towards Jews.