Językowy obraz świata roślin w dziewiętnastowiecznych słowniczkach gwarowych

Abstract

The article aims at revealing local dialect interpretation of a fragment of reality, specifically, the world of plants, included in the nineteenth century lexis. The material basis of the study are two local dialect dictionaries: Z. Gloger's Dictionary of Folk Dialect in Tykocin Area and A. Osipowicz's Dictionary of Augustów Dialect, reconstructed by B. Nowowiejski and I. Wojtkiewicz on the basis of the content of J. Karlowicz's Dictionary of Polish Local Dialects. The lexis of both analyzed dictionaries preserved common sense every day perception of the world, including the world of plants. It results from the analysis being carried out that in the researched local dialects PLANTS were differentiated into profiles mainly because of practical possibilities of the use of objects. The criterion of usefulness decided about evaluation as well. Depending on the point of view a plant could be conceptualized as a specific object very valuable to a man (for example, herbs and edible plants - herbal, farm profile), as a thing of little or no value (for example, grass and weeds - farm profile) or even harmful (for example loxic plants). The criterion of usefulness influenced low frequency and small difference between the category of a FLOWER and GRASS as well.