Образ культурного простору міста у публіцистичних працях одеського письменства кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ ст.

Abstract

The image of Odessa in the early 20th century can be found not only in the literary works or in the movies and films, but also on the pages of periodicals. The active development of journalism at this time reflects all areas of life of the city. From its foundation Odessa Periodicals have undergone rapid development. Thus, mass communication needs of Odessa in the 50-60s were tried to be satisfied by one newspaper „Odessa Vestnik,” and at the beginning of the 20th century there have appeared about 600 newspapers and magazines. Appearing between two eras, Odessa periodicals combines solidity and sobriety of imperial journalism with the traits introduced by the era of revolutionary events – political overtones and polemical fervor. Politicization of Odessa was the dominant of the contemporary periodicals. The formation and development of the Ukrainian press in Odessa is a complex, full of difficulties and prohibitions process. For example, during 1917-1920 525 print newspapers and magazines were published in Odessa, only seventeen of which were Ukrainian. Odessa played a special role in the formation of Ukrainian journalism, I. Lipa, A. Markevich, A. Nikovsky and others lived and worked here. Andrew Nikovsky’s, Odessa publicist’s, articles and research works were often published in Odessa press. His range of professional interests is quite wide: from national idea (article „Psychology Ukrainophilism”) to linguistics (research work „I. Nechui-Levitsky’s Grammar”). It was in Odessa where Ivan Lvovich Lipa’s journalistic work started. The Ukrainian public figure being a doctor wrote his first journalistic works on medical topics. The level of scientific investigations allowed him to become a member of the Scientific Society of Taras Shevchenko in Lviv from Odessa. To sum up, Odessa cultural space appears in the pages of the local periodicals filled with artistic events. The characteristic feature of this period is politicized media, thus many nonfiction writers performances were aimed on popularization of the Ukrainian national idea, the formation of identity. The leading topics also include the coverage of education, the increasing interest in Ukrainian and world literature. The analysis of the direct description of the city leads to the conclusion that subtle blend of business and entertainment was characteristic of the city, it means that the Odessans regardless of nationality, were able to combine leisure and work skillfully that gave Odessa a unique flair.