Sarmaci znad Morza Czarnego

Abstract

The article presents Sarmatism as the myth behind the subconsciousness of the noblemen, legitimizing state selfishness and megalomania, and also as a myth responsible for the historical defeat of the First Republic – subjected to criticism in enlightenment and romanticism. The author shows that the Romantic search for the ethnogenesis of the Slavs took into account research results from the emerging Slavic studies and sciences constituting its base. He notes that through a turn to folklore, Romanticism interiorised the beliefs and religious ideas of Iranian duality. The concept of eastern cradle and migration from the Dnieper and from the areas north of the Black Sea, presented in this article, explains the relationship of Slavs and Iranians by their neighbouring in the areas left by the ancestors of the old Polish Sarmatians – when they moved between the 5th and the 7th century AD to the river banks of Vistula, Oder and Elbe.