Lorenz Oken – romantyczny filozof natury i jego rola w kształtowaniu standardu niemieckiej nauki akademickiej w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku

Abstract

Lorenz Oken is acknowledged as an emblematic person in German Romantic science, who combined the inspiration drawn from his native philosophical tradition and the protestant religion with the fundamental objection against the academic standards derived from the Enlightenment philosophy. The goal of this paper is to present his views in the context of literature concerning the history of philosophy and history of medicine that has been published so far, as well as to analyse them with reference to the standards of science in German Romanticism over the period of 1802–1831. Oken is worthy of attention due to the significant influence he once had over German natural sciences, and also due to the increasing criticism of his views in German medical circles. The author presents the grounds and conditions of this criticism, which eventually led to recognising his views as extreme and to removing them from teaching in German medical faculties after 1832.