Regulacje kodeksu karnego wykonawczego dotyczące wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności wobec nieletnich z perspektywy standardów międzynarodowych

Abstract

Given the numerous dysfunctions related to penitentiary isolation, the presence of young persons in penal institutions results in a number of problems. All such problems lead to the question of how to act in relation to this group of defendants - taking into account their shortcomings and needs - who started their adult lives in conditions that are completely different from those in which they continue their lives aft er their release from prison, so as to prevent their recidivism. The importance of this problem is demonstrated by the fact that a decision was made in the international forum to prepare guidelines concerning the ways to act in relation to minor prisoners. Of particular importance among the numerous documents are the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty and the European Rules for Juvenile Off enders Subject to Sanctions or Measures. This calls for looking at the domestic regulations from the standpoint of the recommendations contained in those documents. The article focuses on the objectives of the penalty of imprisonment, the forms of activation of prisoners, and their preparation for release from penal institutions.