Quotient Module of Z-module

Abstract

In this article we formalize a quotient module of Z-module and a vector space constructed by the quotient module. We formally prove that for a Z-module V and a prime number p, a quotient module V/pV has the structure of a vector space over Fp. Z-module is necessary for lattice problems, LLL (Lenstra, Lenstra and Lov´asz) base reduction algorithm and cryptographic systems with lattices [14]. Some theorems in this article are described by translating theorems in [20] and [19] into theorems of Z-module.