http://hdl.handle.net/11320/4028 2026-06-01T16:21:23Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/4047 Tytuł: Stefana Pawlickiego (1839–1916) pierwsze polskie przekłady Medytacji o pierwszej filozofii oraz Rozprawy o metodzie Autorzy: Konstańczak, Stefan Abstrakt: This paper is based on the materials found in the Jagiellonian Library – unpublished manuscripts of Pawlicki’s translations of two works by Descartes. The starting point for the analyses is a short outline of the history of the reception of the French philosopher’s works in Poland. The author also draws comparisons between Pawlicki’s translations and translations of Discourse on the method which are well embedded in the Polish philosophical tradition by Wojciech Dobrzycki (1878) and Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński (1918), as well as Pawlicki’s translation of Meditations with translations of Ignacy Karol Dworzaczek (1885) and Maria Ajdukiewiczowa (1948). Pawlicki worked on his translations between Romanticism and Positivism, when Descartes’ works were in general negatively received. The comparison of these translations and comments on them found in later translations done by Wiktor Wąsik in so called “critical” period will allow one to grasp some developing tendencies in Polish philosophy of the 19th century. This paper will also fill in the gap in the history of Polish philosophy concerning the reception of Descartes’ philosophy in 19th-century Poland. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/4046 Tytuł: Patriarchalizm i paternalizm w angielskiej myśli filozoficznej XVII wieku. Rozważania Filmera, Hobbesa i Locke’a Autorzy: Szczap, Agnieszka Abstrakt: The political and philosophical thought of the seventeenth century, especially the Anglo-Saxon thought, combined the two seemingly separate issues: the ideal father of the family and the vision of the ideal kind. At that time, many writers developed a king-father analogy. They repeated that the king is like a father for his people and every father is the king for his family. The ideology of a patriarchal family and the idea of monarchical absolutism penetrate and complement each other, referring to the ideals of his father and the king. The king was to be treated like a father, the father (the patriarch) for family and servants – like a king. One of the supporters of patriarchalism and paternalism was Sir Robert Filmer. Another one was his most famous adversary John Locke. Filmer was a Protestant political writer, defender of the absolute power of the king and the patriarchal family. The controversy between Filmer, Hobbes and Locke in the field of political thought intertwined with their reflections on the family. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/4045 Tytuł: Gdyby nie Grocjusz i Pufendorf. Echa XVII-wiecznej debaty o prawie natury w Biernym posłuszeństwie (1712) George’a Berkeleya Autorzy: Szymańska-Lewoszewska, Marta Abstrakt: The aim of the article is to analyse the influence of the 17th-century debate on moral law as represented by Grotius and Pufendorf on George Berkeley’s vision of natural law included in his Passive Obedience (1712). The analysis regards the origin, scope and character of natural law as presented by all three authors. Also, it touches on the issues of their visions of the role of God in the world, place of religion in a civil state, as well as their concepts of human nature and a conflict of a duty of non-resistance and a right to self-preservation, which was a source of great contention among philosophers of the 17th and 18th centuries. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/4044 Tytuł: Tomasza Hobbesa koncepcja prawa a współczesny „miękki” pozytywizm prawniczy Autorzy: Doliwa, Katarzyna Abstrakt: Thomas Hobbes is an early precursor of legal positivism, a system which achieved full shape only in the nineteenth century. Mature positivism was fully self-sufficient, not looking for justification other than itself, and any gaps in the law were resolved on the basis of analogy and references to the principles of a higher order. A classical positivist consistently defended the thesis of a clear separation of law and moral systems. Unlike his orthodox nineteenth-century successors, Hobbes sought reasons for the positive law in the laws of reason, which he called laws of nature. When formed by a creative human effort, positive law fails, in an unusual case the judge can, according to Hobbes, refer to laws of nature. The political-legal system of Hobbes differed markedly from the classical positivism. It has an affinity with one of his today’s version, called “soft” positivism, which admits that there are certain significant relationships between law and morality systems. Especially close to Hobbesian theory is Hart’s concept concerning “minimum content of natural law”, formulated by analyzing human nature and man’s place in society. The legal system of Hobbes and Hart’s ideas arise from the same deep utilitarian grounds. 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z