http://hdl.handle.net/11320/16535 2026-06-18T04:23:36Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/16564 Tytuł: The Digitalisation of Tools for Workers’ Representation Workers’ Representation Tools in Europe and Spain: A First Approach Autorzy: Miranda Boto, Jose Maria; Brameshuber, Elisabeth Abstrakt: The unstoppable digitalisation of work also brings with it alterations at the collective level of labour relations. On the one hand, the dispersal of the workforce entails the breaking of traditional ties of proximity, which engendered solidarity among workers. On the other hand, however, new technologies can contribute decisively to the development of representation activity, also being a fruitful field for collective bargaining. Through a synthetic examination of comparative law, several of these possibilities are presented, and how they fit with Spanish law is analysed. Among the subjects addressed are digital tools that can favour tasks in representation. In addition to the legislative dimension, the study takes into account the latest developments in jurisprudence and collective bargaining. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/16563 Tytuł: Commercialization of the Results of Research Carried Out by Public University Employees Working Remotely: de lege lata and de lege ferenda Conclusions Autorzy: Sieńczyło-Chlabicz, Joanna Dorota Abstrakt: This study analyses the acquisition and commercialization of rights based on the results of scholarly activity carried out by employees of Polish public universities under the Act of 20 July 2018 – the Law on Higher Education and Science and their objects of commercialization. In addition, it is considered whether the institution of remote work introduced under the Act of 1 December 2022 amending the Labour Code and Some Other Acts is a tool that assists employees and universities in the process of the commercialization of knowledge in the digital age, facilitating the development of an innovative and entrepreneurial university, or, on the contrary, whether it may generate difficulties and costs for both parties to the employment relationship, i.e. the university as an employer and its employees. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/16562 Tytuł: The Impact of the DAC7 Directive on the Functioning of Platforms and Platform Operators, from the Perspective of the Legal Model of Their Collaboration with Individuals Autorzy: Nyka, Maciej; Zapolska, Karolina Abstrakt: In order to achieve the main objective of sealing the tax system, Council Directive (EU) 2021/514 of 22 March 2021 Amending Directive 2011/16/EU on Administrative Cooperation in the Field of Taxation (DAC7) introduces an obligation to report income obtained by sellers via a digital platform in one of the Member States. However, the implementation of the provisions of DAC7 in the field of reporting also has non-fiscal consequences. The DAC7 Directive interferes in the way sales platforms function, imposing additional obligations on them which are closer to models of cooperation in employer–employee relations than in B2B relations. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/16560 Tytuł: Trade Secrets in the Digital Age: How Do the Measures Provided for in EU Law Face the Challenges of Protecting an Employer’s Trade Secrets against Unauthorised Acquisition, Use and Disclosure by Its Employees? Autorzy: Korycińska-Rządca, Paulina Abstrakt: One of the natural consequences of the development of technology is that an entrepreneur’s confidential information, including trade secrets, is commonly stored in electronic files. This form of information storage inevitably entails challenges in the area of its protection. The coronavirus pandemic has drastically accelerated the process of dissemination of new models of employment, in particular remote (distance) work and cloud working, and has made the protection of an entrepreneur’s secrets against unauthorised use even more complicated. This is due to the fact that in such models of employment, employees obtain access to their employer’s data remotely, which may decrease the employer’s level of control. To remedy this, employers may undertake various steps aimed at ensuring that their secrets are well protected; however, such actions may affect the free movement and mobility of workers. The purpose of this article is to verify how, in these circumstances, the measures provided for in EU law face the challenges of protecting an employer’s secrets against unauthorised use by employees and how they define the scope to which they can be applied without the abuse of employees’ rights and unjustified restrictions on their mobility. For that purpose, the author analyses in particular Directive (EU) 2016/943 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2016 on the Protection of Undisclosed Know-How and Business Information (Trade Secrets) against Their Unlawful Acquisition, Use and Disclosure. This research is based mainly on the dogmatic method of analysis. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z