http://hdl.handle.net/11320/10799 2026-03-07T18:02:20Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/8295 Tytuł: Werner Jaeger o tragedii greckiej i tragizmie Autorzy: Śliwiński, Marian Abstrakt: Werner Jaeger represented the modern paradigme dominated by individualism, historicism, nationality. He interpreted the Greek tragedy in modern categories. Accordingly to filhellenism he connected to Greece the unity of subject and object contrasted to dualism of subject and object attributed to Christianity. He used the opposition of theocentrism and anthropocentrism derived from the reneissance and reformation. To him the tragedy was totally determined by the Greek national history. He distinguished three periods in the Greece history: mythical, rationalistic and theological. The tragedy, related with the myth, recorded the dialectical transition from the mythical period to the rationalistic one. To explain the Greece tragedy Jaeger began from the assumption of drastic asymmetry between this world and the next. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/8294 Tytuł: Традиции Мишеля де Монтеня в современной украинской эссеистике Autorzy: Szewczenko, Tatiana Abstrakt: The article is devoted to studying of M. Montaigne’s tradition in modern Ukrainian essays. New wave of interest towards humanistic ideas of the French philosopher is highlighted in modern literature. Montaigne’s author’s “self”, which became the basis for the formation of works belonging to a new type (“content of my book is me”) finds its active development in modern Ukrainian literary essays, in particular, in essay compilations of I. Andrusyak, Y. Andrukhovich, A. Boychenko, A. Bondar, I. Bondar‑Tereshchenko, C. Grabar, V. Gabor, L. Deresh, A. Dnestrovoy, S. Zhadan, Y. Izdryk, O. Zabuzhko, V. Karpiuk, Y. Kononenko, I. Luchuk, B. Matiyash, V. Mahno, V. Melnyk, K. Moskalets, G. Pagutyak, S. Pyrkalo, T. Prokhasko, S. Protsyuk, M. Ryabchuk, I. Tsyperdyuk, L. Ushkalova and other authors. Usage of untypical details, original turns of thought, which are shown at an unexpected angle of the “author’s vision”, proneness to dialogue, raised proactivity, high level of competence, large thesaurus, perfect experience of operating text information, free combination of essay compilations – it is not even a full list of Montaigne’s techniques that are actively used in modern Ukrainian essays. In the article there is an emphasis on the spiritual experience of personality, described with words, one’s indispensable moment of spiritual self‑determination, important and interesting for the addressee. In essays from the past and modern times as a form of philosophical reflection, culture and history become spiritual entity of a person, because in spontaneous combination of culture and history, the author becomes more mature as an artistic and spiritual individuality able to create something new in spirit culture by using its own ideas of a person as “the highest point of view”. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/8293 Tytuł: Идеи «Нового Просвещения» и современное оперное искусство (опера Иммануил Кант Лешека Можджера) Autorzy: Maliutina, Natalia Abstrakt: The following article is about the modern staging of Leszek Możdżer’s opera Immanuel Kant in comparison with two performances based on Thomas Bernhardt’s original drama under the same title (directed by Krystian Lupa and Marius Ivaškevičius). This comparison lets us see in the performance staging an attempt to deconstruct certain postulates of new Enlightenment: belief in reason based on subjective experience (more precise than inter‑subjective), unification of transcendental and empiric, ideas of “multiple worlds” caused by achievements of technocratic era. As a result, we come to the conclusion that Kant’s ideas and Kant’s image (as some sort of stereotype of perception) are downsized to the maximum in the opera. One of the action participants appears to be the text of Kant’s works in multiple deflections and interpretations. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11320/8292 Tytuł: Mieszkańcy Litwy i Białej Rusi w pismach rozproszonych Zygmunta Glogera Autorzy: Bogusz, Kazimierz Abstrakt: This article discusses the problem of national consciousness and ethnicity of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania inhabitants’ in the dispersed letters of Zygmunt Gloger. Gloger was attached to the concept of gente Ruthenus, natione Polonus. That was the reason of the origin of Gloger’s reluctance towards the so-called Krajowcy (Nations). He criticized them not so much in connection with historical arguments, but in connection with the fact that the Krajowcy party allowed the restitution of a separate Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Gloger lived in the era between the Napoleonic era and the First World War, when the idea of the nation changed – not only in terms of its content, but also in terms of political significance. At the end of the 18th century, the idea was kept by not many followers: as a political leitmotif it served the political leaders, and as a cultural bond it connected the educated people of all states. This cultural bond connecting people, not dividing, was particularly close to Gloger. However, at the beginning of the 20th century, the idea of the nation seized the masses and became the most powerful political idea for validating Europe, and later also the world. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z